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Harpalus (engineer)
Harpalus or Harpalos () is a name reported by modern historical books (tertiary sources) as the engineer who built the pontoon bridge over the Hellespont (from Abydos to Sestos) for Xerxes in 480 BC. The primary source Herodotus (7.34-36)〔(Hdt. 7.33- 36 (Perseus project) )〕 gives no specific name, except the following information:
The secondary source may have been some later writer, who may have invented a name in order to provide a name for this impressive engineering achievement, in the manner of Mandrocles, recorded by Herodotus as bridging the Bosporus for Darius I. The oldest and relevant source seems to be a work published in 1904 by Hermann Alexander Diels which he titled ''Laterculi Alexandrini'' ("Alexandrian lists"〔The word laterculus in Classical Latin means 'a brick', or 'a tile' or something of the sort, but in the early Middle Ages it came to mean a list ()〕), out of a damaged 1st or 2nd-century BC papyrus he found, which lists artists and scientists by their achievements.〔The forgotten revolution: how science was born in 300 BC and Why it Had to Be Reborn by Lucio Russo (Page 96 ) ISBN 3-540-20396-6 (2004)〕
The tertiary sources report the following: ''One of Mandrocles' successors, not named by Herodotus (7.34-36), was Harpalos of Tenedos who, succeeding where Egyptian and Phoenician engineers had failed, built the bridge over the Hellespont''〔Commerce and Monetary Systems in the Ancient World. (Page 204 ) ISBN 978-3-515-08379-9 (2004)〕 (Hofstetter 1978, no. 130; on the bridge, see Hammond and Roseman 1996). ''It is important for a right estimate of Ionian science to remember the high development of engineering in these days. Mandrokles of Samos built the bridge over the Bosporos for King Dareios (Herod. iv. 88), and Harpalos of Tenedos bridged the Hellespont for Xerxes when the Egyptians and Phoenicians had failed in the attempt'' (Diels, ''Laterculi Alexandrini'', Abh. der Berl. Akad., 1904, p. 8).〔Early Greek Philosophy By John Burnet (Page 40 ) ISBN 978-0-7661-2826-2 (2005)〕 Harpalus, ''a Macedonian contractor, who took on the bridging project'', according to Peter Green.〔Peter Green The Greco-Persian Wars , Xerxes at Salamis (London 1996) 75〕 ''The astronomer Harpalus supervised the construction of the bridges''. according to Hugh Pembroke Vowles.〔The quest for power from prehistoric times to the present day (Page 102 ) By Hugh P. Vowles, Margaret Winifred Pearce Vowles (1931)〕
==References==
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